This study evaluates the feasibility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) for a 30KW Microgrid. The research analyses various storage configurations incorporating batteries and supercapacitors, considering factors such as cost, reliability, and performance. While conventional Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) offer lower initial costs, they suffer from long-term reliability issues due to frequent replacements. In contrast, a HESS configuration, where supercapacitors handle transient changes and batteries manage low-frequency variations, enhances system stability, extends battery life, and improves overall efficiency. The study reveals that supercapacitors should have a greater share in storage systems where transient disturbances are frequent, while stable environments can rely more on batteries to optimize costs. Despite a higher initial cost, HESS proves to be more cost-effective in the long run by reducing battery degradation and replacement expenses. Additionally, the integration of supercapacitors improves efficiency and system resilience by quickly responding to disturbances, ensuring uninterrupted operation. A closed-loop control strategy, incorporating a low-pass filter, effectively manages power distribution between supercapacitors and batteries, minimizing energy losses and enhancing load response. The findings indicate that HESS presents a sustainable and reliable solution for microgrids, especially in off-grid and renewable energy-based applications.

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